مطالعه ویژگی های فنوتیپی، ژنوتیپی و دامنه میزبانی استرین های Pseudomonas savastanoi، عامل گال زیتون و خرزهره

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه حشره‎شناسی و بیماری‎های گیاهی، پردیس ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

2 دانشیار پژوهش، مؤسسه تحقیقات گیاه‌پزشکی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

3 استادیار، گروه حشره‎شناسی و بیماری‎های گیاهی، پردیس ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران، تهران

4 استادیار پژوهش، مؤسسه تحقیقات گیاه‌پزشکی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

به‌منظور مطالعه خصوصیات فنوتیپی، مولکولی، بیماری‌زایی و فیلوژنتیکی عوامل باکتریایی گال‌های زیتون و خرزهره، نمونه‌هایی از برگ، دمبرگ، شاخه و تنه این درختان که دارای علائم گره یا گال بودند، از شهرستان‎های مختلف استان‎های مازندران، گیلان، قزوین و تهران جمع‌آوری و به آزمایشگاه منتقل شد. از محیط‌کشت Kings’B برای جداسازی استفاده شد و ۱۸۰ جدایه با رنگدانه سبز فلورسانت خالص‎سازی شد. آزمون بیماری زایی استرین های جداشده از گال زیتون و گال خرزهره نشان داد که این استرین ها روی میزبان اصلی خود بیماری زا بودند. در آزمون‌های LOPAT، تولید لوان، آنزیم اکسیداز، آنزیم آرژنین‌دی‌هیدرولاز و پوسیدگی سیب‌زمینی، منفی و در آزمون فوق‌حساسیت در توتون و شمعدانی مثبت بودند. واکنش PCR با استفاده از آغازگرهای اختصاصی عوامل گال زیتون (PsvF/PsvR) و خرزهره (PsnF/PsnR) انجام شد و به ترتیب در 18 جدایه از نمونه‌های گال خرزهره و 14 جدایه از نمونه‌های گال زیتون باند به اندازه ۳۸۸ و ۳۴۹ تکثیر شد. براساس ویژگی‌های فنوتیپی، بیماری‎زایی و استفاده از آغازگرهای اختصاصی جدایه‌های زیتون و خرزهره به‎ترتیب، Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. savastanoi و P. savastanoi pv. nerii شناسایی شدند. به‌منظور تعیین دقیق جایگاه تاکسونومیکی جدایه‌ها از روش تجزیه و تحلیل توالی چند مکانی (MLSA) با تکثیر و توالی‌یابی قطعه‎ ای از سه ژن خانه‌دار rpoB، rpoD و gyrB استفاده شد. درخت‎های فیلوژنی مبتنی بر توالی ژن‎های gyrB و rpoB نتوانست استرین‎ های Psv و Psn را از هم تفکیک کند، درخت فیلوژنی رسم‎ شده بر اساس ژن rpoD استرین‎های Psv و Psn را از هم تفکیک کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Phenotypic and genotypic characteristics and host range of Pseudomonas savastanoi strains, the causal agents of olive and oleander

نویسندگان [English]

  • Golchehr Pourmohammadi 1
  • Ali Alizadeh Aliabadi 2
  • Nargues Falahi Charkhabi 3
  • AbulGhasem Ghasemi 4
1 Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
2 Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection (IRIPP), Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
3 Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
4 Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection (IRIPP), Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Olive (Olea europaea) as an oily plant and oleander (Nerium oleander) as an ornamental and evergreen shrub are gorwn in Iran. Olive and oleander knot diseases are caused by Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. savastanoi (Psv) and P. savastanoi pv. nerii, respectively. Oleander gall samples were collected from Mazandaran province and olives knots were received from Guilan and Qazvin provinces. Symptoms including swollen lumps with a spongy, irregular appearance were observed on various host tissues, including petioles, branches, twigs, trunks, and leaflets. Fluorescent pigment colonies were appeared on King'S B medium after 48 hours incubation at 28°C. Pathogenicity of 14 and 18 strains among 150 and 180 isolated strains were confirmed on two years old olive and oleander trees, respectively. Moreover, four strains isolated from oleander were able to induce gall on olive trees. All strains were Gram-negative and catalase-positive. Strains were negative for levan production, oxidase, potato rot, and arginine dihydrolase activities and positive in production of hypersensivity reaction on tobacco. The 388 and 349 bp products were amplified in PCR using PsvF/R and PsnF/R primer pairs in Psv and Psn strains, respectively. Phylogenetic analyses based on the sequence of three house-keeping genes including rpoB, rpoD, and gyrB indicated that representative strains grouped with P. savastanoi pathovars.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Iran
  • MLSA
  • LOPAT test
  • Pseudomonas

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 23 بهمن 1400
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 06 تیر 1401
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 18 تیر 1401

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