سوسک‌های بذرخوار (Col.: Bruchinae) و میزبان‌های جدید آن‌ها در مراتع استان قزوین

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 نویسنده مسئول، مربی پژوهش، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان قزوین، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، قزوین،

2 استاد پژوهش، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

حشرات بذرخوار با حمله به دانه‌ها در طبیعت و نیز انبارها موجب از بین رفتن محتویات و تخریب جنین آن‌ها شده و قدرت جوانه‌زنی و قوه‌‌ی نامیه بذور را از بین می‌‌برند. این پژوهش از سال‌های 1393-1389 در قرق‌های مرتعی استان قزوین و مناطقی که کمتر دستخوش تخریب و چرا قرارگرفته‌ بود، انجام شد. نمونه‌برداری‌ها از اواخر فروردین تا اواخر مهر از زمان شروع گل‌دهی تا پایان بذردهی گیاهان تیره نخود در ایستگاه‌های موردنظر انجام شد.
در این مطالعه تعداد 500 نمونه بذر از 44 گونه لگوم (Fabaceae) شامل 20 گونه گون (Astragalus spp.) و 24 گونه از لگوم‌های مرتعی (به‌جز Astragalus)، جمع‌آوری شد. 20 گونه گیاهی از نمونه‌های جمع‌آوری‌شده فاقد آثار خسارت بودند. تعداد 16 گونه گیاهی از پنج جنس لگوم (Fabaceae) به شرح زیر به‌عنوان میزبان جدید سوسک‌های بذرخوار (Bruchinae) در جهان گزارش می‌شوند:
Astragalus ammodendroides Bornm Ex Rech. f, A. askius Bunge, A. avicennicus Parsa. A. brachydontus Bioss. A. campylorrhynchus Fischer & C.A. May, A. nervistipulus Boiss. A. oxyglottis M. B. A. hamosus L. A. vegetus Bung, Hedysarum wrightianum Aitch. & Baker. Onobrychis hohenackeriana C.A. May. Trifolium campestre Schreb. Trigonella monantha C.A. Mey.
سوسک‌های شناسایی‌شده در این پژوهش متعلق به دو جنسBruchidius وPaleoacanthoscelides و به‌قرار زیر می‌باشند:
Bruchidius astragali (Boheman, 1829)*, B. fulvicornis (Motschulsky, 1874)*, B. glycyrrhizae (Gyllenhal,1839), B. lutescens (Blanchard, 1844)*, B. plagiatus (Reiche & Saulcy, 1857)*, B. poecilus (Germar, 1824)*, B. pusillus(Germar, 1824)*, B. tibialis (Boheman, 1829)*, B. virgatus (Fahraeus, 1839)*, Paleoacanthoscelides gilvus (Gyllenhal, 1839)*

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Seed beetles (Col. Bruchidae) and their new hosts in rangelands of Qazvin province of Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Zarnegar 1
  • Seyed Ebrahim Sadeghi 2
1 Faculty member of Qazvin Agriculture and Natural Resources Research and Education Center
2 Member of scientific board
چکیده [English]

Seed-eating insects are the important factors affecting seed viability and the seed germination percentage of rangeland plants. These pests in nature and warehouses, diploid seed contents and by destroying their embryos reduce germination power and seed viability of plant seeds. This study was conducted from 2010-2011 in the rangelands of Qazvin province and areas that were less prone to degradation and grazing. Sampling was carried out from the late April to the late October from the beginning of flowering phase to the end of seeding Leguminosae plants in the selected stations.
In this study, 500 seed samples were collected, identified as 44 species of Legumes (the family Fabaceae) invluding 20 species of Astragalus And 24 species of Range Legumes (except Astragalus). Twenty plant species from the collected samples had no sign of damage. sixteen plant species of the five genera of Legume (Fabaceae) are reported as the new host of Bruchinae beetles in the world as follows:
Astragalus ammodendroides Bornm Ex Rech. f; A. askius Bunge; A. avicennicus Parsa.; A. brachydontus Bioss.; A. campylorrhynchus Fischer & C.A. May; A. nervistipulus Boiss; .....
The beetles identified in this study, belong to the genera Bruchidius, Palaeobruchidius and Paleoacanthoscelides. They are listed as follows:
Bruchidius astragali (Boheman, 1829); B. fulvicornis (Motschulsky, 1874); B. glycyrrhizae (Gyllenhal, 1839); B. lutescens (Blanchard, 1844); B. poecilus (Germar, 1824); B. pusillus (Germar, 1824); B. tibialis (Boheman, 1829); B. virgatus (Fahraeus, 1839); Palaeobruchidius plagiatus (Reiche & Saulcy, 1857); Paleoacanthoscelides gilvus (Gyllenhal, 1839)

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • New host
  • Legume
  • Rangeland
  • Seed
  • Beetle
  • Seedeater

مراجع

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 23 شهریور 1399
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 21 دی 1399
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 28 بهمن 1399

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