فراوانی رخدادهای آتش‌سوزی در ارتباط با فیزیوگرافی جنگل‌ها و مراتع زاگرس (استان کرمانشاه) با استفاده از داده‌های آتش فعال سنجنده MODIS

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه منابع طبیعی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران

2 گروه منابع طبیعی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران.

3 استادیار دانشگاه رازی کرمانشاه

چکیده

در این پژوهش با نگرش به اهمیت آتش‌سوزی‌ها در ناحیه رویشی زاگرس، داده‌های زمانی و مکانی آتش‌سوزی در عرصه‌های طبیعی استان کرمانشاه مربوط به سال‌های 2002 تا 2018 با استفاده از داده‌های آتش فعال سنجنده MODIS استخراج شد. سپس فراوانی رخدادهای آتش‌سوزی با توجه به فیزیوگرافی منطقه مورد مطالعه در طبقات مختلف شیب، جهت جغرافیایی و ارتفاع بررسی شد. براساس نتایج بدست آمده، بیشترین و کمترین فراوانی رخدادهای آتش‌سوزی در محدوده جنگل‌ها به ترتیب در طبقات شیب‌ 30 - 15 درصد و بیش از 80 درصد مشاهده شد. در مراتع نیز بیشترین و کمترین فراوانی رخدادها در طبقات شیب ‌15 - 0 درصد و نیز بیش از 80 درصد مشاهده شد. در مورد تاثیر ارتفاع از سطح دریا بر رخدادهای آتش‌سوزی، در جنگل‌های این منطقه بیشترین فراوانی این رخدادها در طبقات ارتفاعی 1500 - 1000 و 2000 - 1500 متر و کمترین فراوانی مربوط به طبقات ارتفاعی 500 - 115 و 2500< متر بود. در مراتع نیز بیشترین فراوانی رخدادهای آتش‌سوزی مربوط به طبقات ارتفاعی 1500 - 1000 و 2000 - 1500 متر و کمترین فراوانی مربوط به طبقه ارتفاعی 2500< متر بوده است. همچنین مشاهده شد که فراوانی رخدادهای آتش‌سوزی در جهت-های جغرافیایی شمالی و جنوبی به طور چشمگیری بیشتر از جهت‌های شرقی و غربی بود. نتایج این پژوهش بر این تاکید دارد که علاوه بر نوع فیزیوگرافی منطقه، فراوانی رخدادهای آتش‌سوزی به طور معنی‌داری وابسته به مساحت هر یک از شکل‌های فیزیوگرافی است که این موضوع می‌تواند در برنامه‌ریزی‌های مدیریت آتش‌سوزی اهمیت بسزایی داشته باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Frequency of fire incidence in relation to Zagros forests and rangelands physiography (Kermanshah Province) using MODIS Active Fire Data

نویسندگان [English]

  • Masoome Azizi 1
  • Mohammad Khosravi 2
  • Morteza Pourreza 3
1 Department of Natural Resources, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.
2 Department of Natural Resources, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.
3 Natural Resources Department, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
چکیده [English]

In this study, with respect to the importance of fires in Zagros vegetation zone, temporal and spatial data of fire incidence, from 2002 to 2018, in natural areas of Kermanshah province was extracted using MODIS active fire data. Then the frequency of fire incidence was analyzed with respect to physiography of the study area including slope, aspect direction and altitude classes. According to the results, the highest and the lowest frequency of forest fire incidence were observed in slopes of 15-30% and > 80%, respectively. In rangelands, the highest and lowest frequency was observed in slopes of 0-15% and > 80%, respectively. In the forest area, the highest frequency of fire incidence was observed in the altitudes of 1500 – 1000 m and 1500 - 2000 m and the lowest frequency was observed in the altitudes of 500 – 115 m and >2500 m. In the rangelands, the highest frequency of fire incidence was observed in the altitudes of 1500 – 1000 m and 1500 - 2000 m and the lowest frequency was observed in the altitude of over 2500 m. It was also observed that the frequency of fire incidence in the northern and southern aspect directions was remarkably higher than the eastern and western directions. The results of this study emphasize that in addition to the type of physiography of the region, the frequency of fire incidents is significantly dependent on the surface area of each form of physiography, which can be very important in fire management planning.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Fire
  • MODIS
  • Physiography
  • Zagros forests

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 15 اسفند 1398
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 03 خرداد 1399
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 11 مرداد 1399

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