ریخت‌شناسی، زیست‎شناسی و تغییرات جمعیت زنبور Anastatus acherontiae پارازیتویید شب‌پره‌ برگ‌خوار دو نواریStreblote siva در شهر بوشهر

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان بوشهر، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی

2 استادیار پژوهش، موسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

3 - استادیار پژوهش، موسسه تحقیقات جنگل‎ها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

4 دانشیار گروه گیاه‏پزشکی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران،

5 استادیار گروه گیاه پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه یاسوج

6 مربی پژوهشی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی بوشهر، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

زنبور Anastatus acherontiae Narayanan, Subba Rao & Ramachandra پارازیتویید مرحله تخم شب‎پره برگ‎خوار دو نواری، Streblote siva (Lefebvre)، و تخم پروانه کله مرده، Acherontia atropos (L.)، است. کلنی این زنبور از توده‌های تخم شب‌پره‌ برگ‌خوار دو نواری تشکیل شد و تحت شرایط یک دوره نور-‎دما، در 16 ساعت روشنایی با دمای 26 درجه سلسیوس و 8 ساعت تاریکی در دمای 18 درجه سلسیوس، پرورش داده شد. تخم A. acherontiae بیضوی و دارای یک ساقه با طول 004/0±654/0 میلی‌متر است. این گونه دارای پنج سن لاروی است. میانگین طول حشرات کامل ماده این حشره 014/0±678/2 میلی‎متر است. اختلاف معنی‎دار بین طول عمر زنبورهای ماده که با محلول آب‎عسل تغذیه شد (47/1±25/ 109 روز) با زنبورهایی که با آب و میزبان تغذیه شد (34/0±63/21 روز) وجود داشت. مرحله رشد و نمو تخم زنبور 12/0±80/3 روز به طول ‌انجامید. فعالیت لاروها تا ظهور حشرات بالغ 58/0±40/25 روز سپری شد. مرحله شفیرگی زنبور 26/0±80/9 روز طول کشید. از زمان تخم‎ریزی A. acherontiae تا خروج زنبور بالغ از تخم میزبان 30/0±40/37 روز سپری شد. میانگین تعداد تخم گذاشته شده 74/1±56/60 تخم محاسبه شد. زنبور A. acherontiae در بوشهر دارای دو تا سه نسل هم‎پوشان در سال است. شروع فعالیت از اوایل مهر است و این روند تا آذر ادامه داشت. نسل دوم این زنبور در اسفند، نسل بهاره میزبان را پارازیته کرد. زمستان‎گذرانی در مرحله پیش شفیرگی درون تخم میزبان و حشرات بالغ رخ داد. کسب این اطلاعات ارزشمند گامی به سوی تولید انبوه پارازیتویید و بهره جستن از آن در برنامه‎های مهار زیستی است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Morphology, Biology and Population Dynamism of Anastatus acherontiae, a parasitoid of Streblote siva in Bushehr, Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Nasser Farrar 1
  • Ebrahim Farashiani 2
  • Seyed Mosa Sadeghi 3
  • Abbas Ali Zamani 4
  • Mostafa Haghani 5
  • Seyed Reza Golestaneh 6
1 Assistant Professor of Bushehr Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center (AREEO)
2 Assistant Professor, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agriculture Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agriculture Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
4 Associate Professor of Department of Plant Protection, Campus of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
5 Associate Professor of Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Yasouj University, Iran
6 Scientific Board Member, Bushehr Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agriculture Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Anastatus acherontiae Narayanan, Subba Rao & Ramachandra is the native egg parasitoid of Streblote siva (Lefebvre) and Acherontia atropos (L.) in Bushehr of Iran which can considered as with potential candidate biological control for agent inundative releases. The A. acherontiae colony was originally established in 2017 from mass eggs of S. siva. These rearing containers were placed in an incubator set at a light/temperature cycle of L16h/26°C and D8h/18°C. The body of the egg is 0.654±0.004 mm and it is ellipsoidal and bears a stalk. The wasp has five larval instars. The average length of the female wasp is 2.678±0.014 mm. There was a significant difference between the lifetime of females fed with honey water solution (109.25±1.47 days) with females provided only with water and host (21.63±0.34 days). The egg development was 3.80±0.12 days. Development from larva to adult was 25.40±0.58 days. The pupal stage lasted 9.80±0.26 days. From the oviposition of A. acherontiae to the emergence of adult was 37.3±0.30 days. The mean of eggs laid was 60.56±1.74. A. acherontiae was able to complete 2 to 3 overlapping generations. In early October, the adult’s wasps appear gradually and this trend continued until December. The second generation of the parasitoid wasp appeared in March and it attacked to the host's spring generations. The overwintering was as prepupa into host egg and adult wasp. The valuable data gained on the biology and population dynamism of A. acherontiae can be help to develop a release strategy of this parasitoid against S. siva.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Egg parasitoid
  • Anastatus acherontiae
  • Jujube lappet moth
  • Biology

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 26 تیر 1398
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 28 شهریور 1398
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 21 مهر 1398

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