تجمع زیستی برخی از فلزات سنگین در خاک و برگ درختان کنار (Ziziphus spina-christi) شرکت فولاد اکسین خوزستان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه محیط زیست، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، واحد تهران شمال، دانشگاه ازاد اسلامیف تهران، ایران

2 استادیار گروه محیط زیست، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران.

3 دانش آموخته گروه محیط زیست، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران

چکیده

در این پژوهش تجمع فلزات سنگین آهن، منگنز، سرب و کادمیوم در برگ گونه‌ی بومی کنار بررسی شد. برای این منظور نمونه‌هایی از برگ و خاک در پای درختان از پنج ایستگاه در محدوده شرکت فولاد اکسین خوزستان جمع‌آوری شدند. ایستگاه‌ 1 در مرکز شرکت و در مجاورت منبع آلودگی بود. ایستگاه 2 در 100 متری از کارخانه و در مسیر جهت باد غالب بود. ایستگاه‌های شماره 3 و 4 در فاصله‌ای تقریباً 200 متری از منبع آلودگی و در جهت باد غالب قرار داشت. ایستگاه 5 در سه کیلومتری از کارخانه و در جهت خلاف باد غالب (به‌عنوان ایستگاه شاهد) قرار داشت. مقایسه مقدار عناصر در ایستگاه های مورد بررسی نشان داد که کمترین مقدار غلظت عناصر در برگ درختان و در خاک پای درختان کنار در ایستگاه 5 و بیشترین آن در ایستگاه 1 حاصل شد، بنابراین می‌توان بیان کرد که فاصله از کارخانه و جهت باد غالب بر مقدار غلظت این عناصر در برگ درختان تاثیرگذار است. محاسبه ضریب تجمع زیستی چهار فلز سنگین آهن، منگنز، سرب و کادمیوم نشان داد که درختان کنار تنها قادر به جذب کادمیوم با ضریب بیشتر از یک از خاک هستند. بنابراین با توجه به کارا بودن درختان کنار در جذب فلز سنگین کادمیوم از یک سو و استفاده مستقیم مردم از میوه و برگ درختان کنار از سوی دیگر، پیشنهاد می‌شود که استفاده از این درختان در مناطقی مانند خوزستان یا مناطقی با شرایط اقلیمی و خاکی مشابه که آلودگی کادمیوم وجود دارد، با توجه به ملاحظات محیط‌زیستی لازم باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Bioaccumulation of some heavy metals by the soil and leaves of Ziziphus spina-christi in Khouzestan Oxin Steel Company

نویسندگان [English]

  • Maryam Rafati 1
  • Maryam Mohammadi Roozbahani 2
  • Zohreh Pirmoradi 3
1 Department of Environment, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
2 Department of Environment, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran
3 Educated of Department of Environment, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran.
چکیده [English]

In this study, the accumulation of heavy metals included iron, manganese, lead, and cadmium in a native species of Christ's thorn jujube (Ziziphus spina-christi) was investigated. To this, random samples were collected from tree leaves and soil at the bottom of the trees from five stations in Khouzestan Oxin Steel Company. Station 1 was located in the company center and adjacent to the source of pollution. Station 2 was situated 100 m away from the company and in the path of wind direction. Stations 3 and 4 were located approximately 200 meters from the source of pollution . Station 5 was placed three kilometers from the company in the opposite direction of the prevailing wind. The results showed that the lowest concentrations of all elements in the leaves of the trees and the soil of the trees were found to be at station 5 and the highest at station 1, therefore, it can be concluded that the distance from the company and the dominant wind direction were effective for this results. The calculation of the bioconcentration factor for four heavy metals showed that the trees were only able to absorb cadmium from the soil with a BCF value of more than one. Considering the usefulness of this tree in fore absorption of cadmium and direct use of fruit and leaves of trees, it is suggested that this tree can be used in areas with cadmium contamination in Khuzestan and areas with similar climate and soil conditions with considering environmental conditions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Accumulation of heavy elements
  • Ahwaz
  • lead
  • Cadmium
  • Phytoremediation

مراجع

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 30 تیر 1398
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 21 دی 1398
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 21 بهمن 1398

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