تأثیر اندازه‎ی بدن، رژیم غذایی و جفت‎گیری روی طول عمر و برخی جنبه‌های تولیدمثلی شب‌پره‌ی‎ برگ‌خوار دو نواری (Streblote siva (Lefebvre

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان بوشهر، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی

2 دانشیار، گروه گیاه‏پزشکی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران

3 دانشیار، گروه گیاه‏پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه یاسوج، یاسوج، ایران

4 استادیار، گروه حشره‌شناسی و بیماری های گیاهی پردیس ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

چکیده

ارتباط بین اندازه‌ی بدن، رژیم غذایی، باروری و برخی جنبه‌های تولیدمثلی در شب‌پره‌ی برگ‌خوار دو نواریStreblote siva (Lefebvre) (Lep., Lasiocampidae) در آزمایشگاه ارزیابی شد. به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر کیفیت گیاه میزبان در افزایش وزن این حشره، میزان ازت خام برگ‌های گیاهان مورد آزمایش با استفاده از دستگاه کجلدال اندازه‌گیری شد. دامنه‌ی به نسبت زیاد در وزن لارو سن ششم، شفیره، حشره‌ی ماده بالغ باعث به وجود آمدن دامنه‌ی زیاد تخم‌ریزی شده که نتیجه‌ی تغذیه روی گونه‌های گیاهی متفاوت می‌باشد. نتایج نشان داد اختلاف معنی‌داری روی وزن، طول بال جلو و تعداد تخم حشرات ماده بالغ پرورش یافته روی میزبان‎های مختلف گیاهی، وجود دارد در حالی که از نظر اندازه‌ی تخم اختلاف معنی‌داری دیده نشد (P<0.05). وزن لارو سن ششم با وزن شفیره‎ی ماده، وزن حشره‌ی ماده بالغ و تعداد تخم ارتباط معنی‎داری داشت اما با اندازه‎ی تخم تفاوت معنی‎داری نشان نداد (P<0.05). برای میانگین RAF50 مقدار 01/0±23/0 به دست آمد که نشانگر بیشترین تخم‌ریزی حشرات ماده در اوایل دوره‌ی زندگی نسبت به بقیه‌ی طول عمر می‌باشد. حشرات ماده‌ی جفت‌گیری کرده به‌طور معنی‌داری دارای طول عمر بیشتر بودند (P<0.05). نسبت حشرات نر به ماده‌ی جمع‌آوری‌شده 1 به 1 به دست آمد (P=0.66). افزایش وزن لاروها روی دو تیمار غذایی کُنوکارپوس و کُنار اختلاف معنی‌داری نشان نداد در حالی که با آکاسیا اختلاف معنی‌داری داشتند (P<0.05).
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of body size, nutrition intake and mating on longevity and other reproduction aspects of Streblote siva (Lefebvre)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Nasser Farrar 1
  • A.A. Zamani 2
  • M. Haghani 3
  • A. Jamshidnia 4
1 Assistant Professor of Bushehr Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center (AREEO)
چکیده [English]

    The Streblote siva (Lefebvre) (Lepidoptera: Lasiocampidae) is an invasive defoliator of Conocarpus erectus, Ziziphus spina-christi and Acacia ampliceps in southern of Iran. The relationship between fecundity and body size, egg size, Mating as well as longevity in female insects was studied under laboratory conditions. Effect of host’s quality on growth and gain of S. siva was performed using hosts nitrogen content which was measured by the Kjeldahl technique. The strange data range of larva weight, pupae and adult female insects rose to crescendo of oviposition in order to using different nutrition on plant species. However, there were strange relationships among fecundity and pupal weight, adult weight, there was no significant difference in the egg size of the insect reared on different plants hosts (P<0.05). The weight of 6th instar larvae was significantly correlated with female pupa and female Adult weight as well as egg number (P<0.05). Compared with the rest of the life span of the insect, the mean of RAF50 (0.23 ± 0.01), indicated that the highest oviposition rate took place in the early life of it (P<0.05).Also, the results showed that non-mating insects had a longer life span than mating insects and the sex ratio was 1:1 (P=0.66). The weight gain of larvae was not significantly different between two treatments, C. erectus and Z. spina-christi but, there was a significant difference compared with the third treatment, A. ampliceps. Finally, the results showed that the factors affecting larval weight gain such as different plants hosts may influence on adult size and following fecundity (P<0.05).
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Reproduction
  • body size
  • pupal weight
  • fecundity

مراجع

-    Arnqvist, G. and Nilsson. T. 2000. The evolution of polyandry: Multiple mating and female fitness in insects. Animal Behaviour, 60: 145-164.
-    Berger, D., Walters, R. and Gotthard, K. 2008. What limits insect fecundity? Body size and temperature-dependent egg maturation and oviposition in a butterfly. Functional Ecology,22: 523–529.
-    Blanckenhorn, W.U. 2000. The evolution of body size: What keeps organisms small? The Quarterly Review of Biology, 75: 385–407.
-    Blanckenhorn, W.U., Fanti, J. and Reim, C. 2007. Size-dependent energy reserves, energy utilization and longevity in the yellow dung fly. Physiological Entomology, 32: 372–381.
-    Boggs, C.L. 1986. Reproductive strategies of female butterflies: variation in and constraints on fecundity. Ecological Entomology, 11: 7-15.
-    Boggs, C.L. and Ross, C.L. 1993. The effect of adult food limitation on life history traits in Speyeria mormonia (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae). Ecology, 74(2): 433-441.
-    Calvo, D. and Molina, J.M. 2004. Fitness traits and larval survival of the Lappet moth, Streblote panda Hübner, [1820] (Lepidoptera: Lasiocampidae) reared on different host plants. Journal of the Entomological Society of Southern Africa, 12(2): 278-282.
-    Calvo, D. and Molina, J.M. 2005. Fecundity–Body size relationship and other reproductive aspects of Streblote panda (Lepidoptera: Lasiocampidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 98(2): 191-196.
-    Ellers, J. and Jervis, M. 2003. Body size and the timing of egg production in parasitoid wasps. Oikos, 102: 164–172.
-    Farrar, N. and Golestaneh, S.R. 2011. Streblote siva a potential defoliator of Konar (Ziziphus spp.) in Bushehr, Iran. Abstracts of the 2nd International Jujube Symposium. Xinzheng, China, 3-7 September: 28-29.
-    Farrar, N., Assareh, M.H., Sadeghi, S.M. and Sadeghi, S.E. 2008. Present status of arthropoda pests on Ziziphus spp. in south of Iran. Abstracts of the First International Jujube Symposium. Baoding, China, 21-25 September: 63-64.
-    Farrar, N., Zamani, A.A., Moeini Naghadeh, N., Haghani, M. and Azizkhani, E. 2015. Influence of host plants on the survival and development and adaptation of the Jujube lappet moth Streblote siva (Lefebvre) in vitro. Abstracts of the 67th International Symposium on Crop Protection. Gent, Belgium, 19 May: 27.
-    Farrar, N., Asadi G.H. and Golestaneh S.R. 2001. Biological study of Ber Defoliator, Thiacidas postica walker (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Bushehr Province. Journal of Entomological Society of Iran, 21 (1): 31-50 (In Persian).
-    Fischer, K. and Fiedler, K. 2001. Egg weight variation in the butterfly Lycaena hippothoe: more small or fewer large eggs? Population Ecology, 43: 105-109.
-    Fitzgerald, T.D. 1995. The tent caterpillars. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York, 303p.
-    Fox, C.W. and Czesak, M.E. 2000. Evolutionary ecology of progeny size in arthropods. Annual Review of Entomology, 45: 341- 369.
-    French, B.W. and Hammack. L. 2011. Multiple mating, fecundity, and longevity in female northern corn rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in relation to body size. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 104: 834- 840.
-    Garcia -Barros, E. 2000. Body size, egg size, and their interspecific relationships with ecological and life history traits in butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea, Hesperioidea). Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 70:251–284.
-    Honek, A. 1993. Intraspecific variation in body size and fecundity in insects: a general relationship. Oikos, 66: 483-492.
-    Kamata, N. and Igarashi, M. 1995. Relationship between temperature, number of instars, larval growth, body size, and adult fecundity of Qualcalcarifera punctatella (Lepidoptera: Notodontidae): cost-benefit relationship. Environmental Entomology, 24: 648–656.
-    Keena, M.A. 2003. Survival and development of Lymantria monacha (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) on North American introduced Eurasian tree species. Journal of Economic Entomology, 96: 43-52.
-    Kimura, K. and Tsubaki, Y. 1986. Female size and age specific fecundity in the small white butterfly, Pieris rapae crucivora Boisduval (Lepidoptera: Pieridae). Research on Population Ecology, 28: 295- 304.
-    Kingsolver, J.G. and Huey, R.B. 2008. Size, temperature, and fitness: three rules. Evolutionary Ecology Research, 10: 251–268.
-    Kovacs, J.L. and Goodisman, M.A. 2012. Effects of size, shape, genotype, and mating status on queen overwintering survival in the social wasp Vespula maculifrons. Environmental Entomology, 41: 1612–1620.
-    Lopez, V.M. and Hoddle, M.S. 2014. Effects of Body Size, Diet, and Mating on the Fecundity and Longevity of the Goldspotted Oak Borer (Coleoptera: Buprestidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 107(2): 539-548.
-    Papaj, D.R. 2000. Ovarian dynamics and host use. Annual Review of Entomology, 45: 423-438.
-    Parry, D., Goyer, R.A. and Lenhard, G.J. 2001. Macrogeographic clines in fecundity, reproductive allocation, and offspring size of the forest tent caterpillar Malacosoma disstria. Ecological Entomology, 26: 281-291.
-    Peixoto, P.E.C. and Benson, W.W. 2008. Body mass and not wing length predicts territorial success in a tropical satyrine butterfly. Ethology, 114: 1069–1077.
-    Ridley, M. 1988. Mating frequency and fecundity in insects. Biological Review, 63: 509-549.
-    Sakurai, T. 1998. Receptivity of female remating and sperm number in the sperm storage organ in the bean bug, Riptortus clavatus (Heteroptera: Alydidae). Research on Population Ecology, 40: 167-172.
-    Savalli, U.M. and Fox, W. 1999. The effect of male mating history on paternal investment, fecundity and female remating in the seed beetle Callosobruchus maculatus. Functional Ecology, 13: 169-177.
-    Silva, M. and Downing, J.A. 1995. The allometric scaling of density and body mass: a nonlinear relationship for terrestrial mammals. American Naturalist, 145: 704–727.
-    Smith, R.J. 2002. Effect of larval body size on overwinter survival and emerging adult size in the burying beetle, Nicrophorus investigator. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 80: 1588-1593.
-    Sokolovska, N., Rowe, L. and Johansson, F. 2000. Fitness and body size in mature odonates. Ecological Entomology, 25: 239-248.
-    Tammaru, T., Esperk, T. and Castellanos, I. 2002. No evidence for cost of being large in females of Orgyia spp. (Lepidoptera, Lymantriidae): larger is always better. Oecologia, 133: 430- 438.
-    Tsubaki, Y. and Yamagishi, M. 1991. “Longevity” of sperm within the female of the melon by, Dacus cucurbitae (Diptera: Tephritidae), and its relevance to sperm competition. Journal of Insect Behaviour, 4: 243-250.
-    Wheeler, D. 1996. The role of nourishment in oogenesis. Annual Review of Entomology, 41: 407- 431.
-    Wolf, B. 1982. A comprehensive system of leaf analysis and its use for diagnosing crop nutrient status. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 13(12): 1035-1059.

فایل ها

سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 26 تیر 1396
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 12 اسفند 1396
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 01 بهمن 1396

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار