معرفی آفات بادام وحشی در منطقه کره بس استان چهارمحال و بختیاری

حقیقیان, فرشاد; جهانبازی, حسن

doi:10.22092/ijfrpr.2018.115706

معرفی آفات بادام وحشی در منطقه کره بس استان چهارمحال و بختیاری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

¹ عضو هیات علمی

² استادیار پژوهش، بخش تحقیقات منابع طبیعی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان چهارمحال و بختیاری، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، شهرکرد، ایران

10.22092/ijfrpr.2018.115706

چکیده

منطقه «کره‏بس» یکی از رویشگاه‌های گونه‌های متعدد بادام وحشی در استانچهارمحال و بختیاری است. طی سال‌های 1393-1391 جمع‌آوری و شناسایی آفات چهارگونه بادام وحشی Amygdalus arabica Oliver،Amygdalus elaeagnifolia Spach،Amygdalus haussknechtii (C. K. Schneider) و Amygdalus scoparia Spach در این منطقه انجام شد. نمونه‌ها ازابتدا تا پایان فصل رویش به روش‌های معمول جمع‌آوری و شناسایی شد. جهت تعیین میزان آلودگی آفات تعداد ده پایه از هر گونه در سه طبقه ارتفاعی 1600-1800، 1800-2000 و 2000 متری در دو دامنه شمالی و جنوبی در این منطقه انتخاب و درصد آلودگی پایه‌های یاد شده نسبت به آفات تعیین شد. نتایج به دست آمده نشان داد سوسک طوقه و ریشه Capnodis tenebrionis Linnaeus، سوسک چوبخوارOsphranteria coerulescens Redt ، سوسک پوستخوارGuerinScolytus amygdali، زنبور مغزخوار بادام Eurytoma amygdali End، زنجره‌هایCicadatra alhageosKolenati،Chlorosalta smaragdula ، زنجرک Paoli Empoasca decedens، پروانه Staudinge Lasiocampa nanaو جوجه تیغی Hystrix indica Kerrنقش مهمی در تخریب بادام‌های وحشی در این منطقه دارند. به علاوه دو گونه انگل گل‌دارLoranthus grewinskii Boiss & Buhse و . Orobanch spروی گونه‌ها فعالیت قابل چشم‌گیری دارند و خسارت وارد میکنند. همچنین میزان آلودگی آفات مختلف براساس گونه بادام و گونه آفت متفاوت است. در مجموع متوسط آلودگی آفات بر روی کل پایه‌های انتخاب شده چهار گونه بادام در این رویشگاه نشان داد سوسک طوقه و ریشه sinoirbenet .Cدارای بیشترین میزان آلودگیو پروانه برگخوار anan .L دارای کمترین میزان آلودگی به ترتیب با 25/11 درصد و 66/1 درصد بودند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Introduction of wild almond pests species in Karebas region in Chaharmahal va Bakhtiary province

نویسندگان [English]

Farshad Haghighian ¹
H. Jahanbazi ²

¹ Member of Scientific Board

چکیده [English]

The "Karebas" area is one of the habitats of various wild almond species in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province. During 2012- 2014, collecting and identification of pests of four wild almond species, Amygdalus arabica Oliver, Amygdalus haussknechtii (C. K. Schneider), Amygdalus elaeagnifolia Spach and Amygdalus scoparia Spachwas carried out in this region. Sampling was performed by the usual methods from the beginning until the end of the growing season. In order to determine the degree of infestation of pests, ten shrubs from each species in three altitude classes (1600-1800, 1800-2000, 2000 m) in both northern and southern ranges of this area were selected and infestation level was determined for each pests. The results indicated that Capnodis tenebrionis, Osphranteria coerulescens, Scolytus amygdali, Eurytoma amygdali, Cicadatra alhageos, Chlorosalta smaragdula, Empoasca decedens, Lasiocampa nana, Hystrix indica, Loranthus grewinskii and Orobanch sp have important role in destroying wild almonds in this area. In addition, we found two species of flowering parasites Loranthus grewinskii Boiss & Buhse and Orobanch sp. having a significant activity and damage on the species. Also, the infestation level of different pests varied according to the almond and pest species. In general, average pest infestation on the all selected shrubs of the four almond species in this habitat showed that the C. tenebrionis infecting crown and root and L. nana had the highest (11.52%) and lowest (1.66%) infestation level, respectively.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Pests
Wild almond
identification
Karebas
Chaharmahal va Bakhtiary province

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