نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان گلستان
2 مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، ص. پ. 116-13185، تهران
3 دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه ارومیه
4 مؤسسه تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی کشور، اوین
چکیده
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Alder leaf beetle, Galerucella lineola is considered as one of the most important phytophagous pests of alder trees (Alnus subcordata) in Northern forests of Iran especially in Golestan province. Adults and three larval instars feed on leaves' parenchyma and epidermis and lower the assimilation surface area of the host tree. On the other hand, the damage caused by the larval feeding on terminal parts of the host tree causes dieback of the terminal buds and lateral shoots. This leads to reduced growth and lowers of the wood quality. In the course of the studies conducted in two forest regions; JafarAbad and Kordkouy forests in years 1999-2000, several insects with predatory or parasitic activity on different development stages of alder leaf beetle were collected. In laboratory conditions, the predatory activity of the collected insects were confirmed by observing direct feeding on eggs and larvae of the pest. Parasitism percent of parasitoid insects were also calculated by random collection of eggs and larvae of alder leaf beetle and counting the number of parasitoid eggs and larvae. Insects with predatory and parasitic activity on eggs and larvae of the pest were as below:
1- Coccinella septempunctata (Col.: Coccinellidae)
2- Adalia bipunctata (Col.: Coccinellidae)
3- Hippodamia variegata (Col.: Coccinellidae)
4- Propyleae quatuordecimpunctata (Col.: Coccinellidae)
5- Calvia sp. (Col.: Coccinellidae)
6- Calosoma sp. (Col.: Carabidae)
7- Mantis sp. (Mantodea: Mantidae)
8- Formica sp. (Hym.: Formicidae)
9- Cataglyphos sp. (Hym.: Formicidae)
10- Tetrastichus sp. (Hym.: Eulophidae): (egg parasitoid)
11- Entedon sp. (Hym.: Eulophidae): (larval parasitoid)
During the study, predatory activity of some spiders of the family Arachnidae and subfamily Argiopinae was also observed especially on larvae of the pest. The wasp Entedon sp. parasitized 2.5 and 5.5 percent second and third larval instars of the pest in JafarAbad and Kordkouy forests in the year 1999 and and 11 and 11.5 percent in the year 2000 respectively, while the wasp Tetrastrichus sp. parasitized 26.2 and 11.14 percent of the pest eggs in the year 1999 and 40.96 and 25.52 percent of the eggs of the pest in the year 2000 in JafarAbad and Kordkouy forests respectively. The former wasp was much more active in JafarAbad forests than Kordkouy, but the results showed that Entedon sp. was more active in Kordkouy forests.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
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