نوع مقاله : مقاله کوتاه
نویسندگان
1 نویسنده مسئول، استادیار پژوهش، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان بوشهر، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، بوشهر، ایران
2 استادیار پژوهش، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان بوشهر، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، بوشهر، ایران
3 دانشیار پژوهش، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران
4 محقق، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی جنوب کرمان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرمان، ایران
5 محقق، ادارهکل منابع طبیعی و آبخیزداری استان هرمزگان، هرمزگان، ایران
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Background and objective: Prosopis cineraria belongs to the Leguminosae family, and this beautiful tree has an umbrella-like canopy similar to the willow. This plant is resistant to hot and humid climates and plays an effective role in moderating the climate, providing animal feed, preventing soil erosion, and stabilizing sands. One of the important principles of developing and implementing comprehensive pest control management programs in the field of natural resources and sustainable agriculture is a smart and regular monitoring system. In this study, monitoring of important pests of P. cineraria was carried out over a 4-year period from 2018 to 2021 in the vegetation zone of the Saharo-Sindian. The aim of this study was to investigate population fluctuations and the level of damage for planning, forecasting, and implementing pest control management programs.
Methodology: First, a number of sampling stations were determined in each province of the Saharo-Sindian growing area (Bushehr, Hormozgan, southern Kerman, and Sistan & Baluchestan) based on the distribution and extent of these forests. In order to identify the centers of infection with important pests of P. cineraria forests, estimate the level of pest infection (the amount of pest damage to the host plant), and study their geographical distribution, sampling and pest investigation were carried out at sampling stations with rotational forest and field studies using transects and a completely random method. Also, by using GPS devices and data recording, the geographical distribution of pests was determined.
Results: The results showed for the seed beetle pest Caryedon serratus, the highest level of infestation was recorded with 83 percent in 2021 in Hormozgan and the lowest level of infestation was recorded with 1 percent in 2020 in southern Kerman on the area of 1,000 hectares of P. cineraria forests. The four-year average of infestation by the seed beetle was recorded with the highest 67.17 percent in Hormozgan and the lowest with 1.15 percent in southern Kerman. Regarding the bark beetle pest (Scolytidae), the highest level of infestation was recorded with 97.5 percent in 2021 in Hormozgan and the lowest level of infestation was recorded with 0.01 percent in 2020 in Bushehr province on the area of 1,000 hectares of P. cineraria forests. The four-year average of infestation by the bark beetle was recorded with the highest 73.5 percent in Hormozgan and the lowest with 0.03 percent in Bushehr. Regarding the weevil pest Comogaster spp., during the four years of the project, this pest was observed only in Sistan & Baluchestan province. The results showed that the highest level of infestation with 15 percent was recorded during 2020 and 2021, and the lowest level of infestation with 10 percent was recorded in 2018, in 1,000 hectares of P. cineraria forests.
Conclusion: The key pest of P. cineraria forests is the seed beetle Caryedon serratus, which causes great damage to the seeds, as well as the bark beetle (Scolytidae), which currently exists in a low population but should be specifically monitored due to its severe damage to the trunk and the possibility of tree death. Also, the monitoring of P. cineraria forests in all provinces of the vegetation areas of Saharo-Sindian showed that the most destruction and damage to the habitats was caused by humans, human interference, and the development of industrial activities.
کلیدواژهها [English]
)