ارتباط بین فراوانی قارچ‌های ماکروسکوپی چوب‌زی درختان راش (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) با عوامل فیزیوگرافی (مطالعه موردی: جنگل خیرود نوشهر)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، دانشگاه تهران، ایران

2 گروه جنگل‌داری و اقتصاد جنگل، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، ایران

3 گروه رستنی‏ها، مؤسسه تحقیقات گیاه‌پزشکی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

    قارچ­ها یکی از اجزای مهم و اصلی در اکوسیستم­های جنگلی می­باشند که نقش مهمی در فرایند تبدیل و بازگشت عناصر معدنی به خاک، چرخه مواد و حاصلخیزی رویشگاه جنگلی بر عهده دارند. به‌منظور بررسی و شناسایی قارچ­های ماکروسکوپی درختان راش و ارتباط آنها با عوامل فیزیوگرافی (ارتفاع از سطح دریا، شیب، جهت دامنه) نمونه‏برداری در فصول زمستان و بهار بعد از انجام جنگل­گردشی­های مقدماتی، طی چندین برداشت در جنگل خیرود نوشهر در قطعه‌های 112 پاتم و 212 نم­خانه از کلیه درختان راش آلوده به قارچ، آماربرداری صددرصد انجام شد. طی این برداشت­ها 75 نمونه قارچ ماکروسکوپی از روی درختان راش مناطق مورد مطالعه جمع­آوری گردید که 36 نمونه مربوط به قارچ­های­ عامل پوسیدگی چوب بود. ارتباط فراوانی قارچ­های ماکروسکوپی درختان راش با عوامل فیزیوگرافی در محیط آماری SAS محاسبه گردید و اختلاف معنی­دار بودن حضور آنها بر اساس جدول تجزیه واریانس در قالب آزمایش فاکتوریل پس از اطمینان از نرمال بودن داده­ها با آزمون دانکن تعیین شد. نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که فراوانی قارچ‌ها در طبقات مختلف شیب و ارتفاع از سطح دریا و همچنین در جهت‏های مختلف دامنه در سطح اطمینان 99 درصد دارای اختلاف معنی‏دار بودند، به‌طوری‌که بیشترین فراوانی قارچ­های ماکروسکوپی چوب­زی به‌ترتیب در ارتفاع بین 870 تا 970 متر از سطح دریا، شیب 0 تا 20 درصد و در جهت شمالی می­باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The relationship between abundance of wood macrofungi on beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) and physiographic factors (Case study: Kheyroud forest, Nowshahr)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Nadia Abyavi 1
  • Mohammad Reza Marvi Mohajer 2
  • Vahid Etemad 2
  • Mohammadreza Asef 3
1 M.Sc. Student of Tehran university,Tehran
2 Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
3 Irainian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agriculture Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Fungi are one of the major components in forest ecosystems and play an important role in converting processes as well as soil nutrients recycling and forest site fertility. The aim of this research was to identify beech macroscopic fungi and their associations with physiographic factors include altitude, slope and slop direction. Following winter and spring field surveys in parcels 112, 212 of Kheyroud forest, fungi samples associated with affected beech trees were collected. Totally 75 samples of macro fungi were collected of which 36 samples belong to wood-rotting y fungi. SAS statistical software was used to investigate any correlation between fungi abundance on beech trees and the physiographic parameters and The Duncan test was conducted to evaluate the differences. Results showed significant correlation between the physiographical factors and abundance of fungi (p<0.01). The highest macro fungi abundance was found in altitude of 870-970 m, 0 to 20 percent slope and in the Northern direction.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Wood macrofungi
  • beech
  • Physiographic factors
  • Kheyroud forest

مراجع

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 24 اسفند 1393
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 30 اسفند 1395
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 20 اسفند 1395

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