Introduction of pests and evaluation of density and damage of some species on different willow species (Salix spp.) in West Azarbaijan Province

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Researcher

2 academic member

Abstract

The project of studying pests of different Salix species in West Azarbaijan Province was started in 2011 for five years. Samplings were carried out at 15–30 day intervals in growing seasons in seven natural selected sites, and willow collection design in Saatloo Research Station. Pest arthropods were collected using hand picking, collecting of infected tree branches, as well as rearing immature stages of some pests inside jars in the controlled conditions. The density of population and also damage of six important pests were surveyed in randomized complete designe in Saatloo Research Station for two years. The data were analysed by the SPSS 19 software and comparison of means conducted by Tukey ̓ s test.Totally, 40 species of harmful arthropods, belonging to26 families, were collected and identified, among them, Monosteira unicostata, Pontania sp.1, Chaitophorus niger, Tuberolachnus salignus,Melanophila picta and Tetranychus urticae were recognized as the important pests.Among the willow species, S.excelsa and S. alba were considered as the important hosts of many pests, on which the densities of pests were higher during the samling period.Moreover, S. aegyptiacahad the lowest density of the above-mentioned pests.

Keywords

References

-Agrawal, A.A., Fishbein, M., Jetter, R., Salminen, J.P., Goldstein, J.B. and Freitag, A.E. 2009. Phylogenetic ecology of leaf surface traits in the milkweeds (Asclepias spp.): chemistry, ecophysiology, and insect behavior. New Phytologist, 183: 848–67.
-Ahadiyat, A., Sadeghi, S.E., Ostovan, H., Moharramipour, S., Nouri Ganbalani, G. and Zeinali, S. 2010a. Antixenosis component of resistance in poplar species and clones (Populus spp.) to the willow and poplar lace-bug, Monosteira unicostata (Muls. & Rey) (Hemiptera: Tingidae). Munis Entomology and Zoology. 5 (Supplement): 1125–1135.
-Ahadiyat, A., Sadeghi, S.E., Ostovan, H., Moharramipour, S., Nouri Ganbalani, G., Zeinali, S. and Shamohammadi, D. 2010b. Studies on tolerance resistance mechanism of poplar clones and willow species against the willow and poplar lace-bug, Monosteira unicostata (Muls. & Rey) (Hemiptera: Tingidae), under natural conditions. Programme and Book of Abstracts of the IXth European Congress of Entomology. 22–27 August. Budapest, Hungary, p. 73.
Ahadiyat, A., Sadeghi, S.E., Ostovan, H., Moharramipour, S., Nouri Ganbalani, G., Zeinali, S. and Shamohammadi, D. 2011. Antixenosis resistance of different willow species to willow and poplar lace-bug, Monosteira unicostata (Muls. & Rey) (Hemiptera: Tingidae). Modern Science of Sustainable Agriculture Journal, 7(1): 11–18.
-Aradottir, G.I., Karp, A., Hanley, S.J., Shield, I.F., Woodcock, C.M., Dewhirst, S., Collins, M.D., Leather, S.R. and Harrington, R. 2009. Host selection of the giant willow aphid (Tuberolachnus salignus). Redia, XCII, 2009: 223–225.
-Bab morad, M. and Sadeghi, S.E. 2004. Pests associated with poplar clones and species in Karaj. Iranian Journal of Forest and Range Protection, 1(2): 1–22 (In Persian).
-Bariteau, L., Bouchard, D., Gagnon, G., Levasseur, M., Lapointe, S. and Bérubé, M. 2013. A riverbank erosion control method with environmental value. Ecological Engineering, 58: 384–392
-Behdad, E. 1988. Pests and diseases of jungle and ornamental trees of Iran. Neshat Esfahan press, Esfahan, 847 p. (in Persian).
-Blackman, R.L. and Eastop, V.F. 1994. Aphids on the world trees: an identification and information guide. CAB International in association with the natural history museum, London, 722 p.
-Chamarthi, S.K., Sharma, H.C., Sahrawat, K.L., Narasu, L.M. and Dhillon, M.K. 2010. Physico-chemical mechanisms of resistance to shoot fly, Atherigona soccatain sorghum,Sorghum bicolor.Journal of Applied Entomology, 135: 446–55.
-Corneanu, M., Nețoiu, C., Fericean, M.L., Hernea, C., Sărac, I. and Stroia, C. 2016. The evaluation of the tolerance to pests and diseases in Salix sp. Genitors collection in the first growing season. Research Journal of Agricultural Science, 48(3): 87–95.
-Djomo, S.N., Ac, A., Zenone, T., De Groote, T., Bergante, S. and Facciotto, G. 2015. Energy performances of intensive and extensive short rotation cropping systems for woody biomass production in the EU. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 41: 845–854.
-Ebbs, S., Bushey, J., Poston, S., Kosma, D., Samiotakis, M. and Dzombak, D. 2003. Transportand metabolism of free cyanide and iron cyanide complexes by willow. Plant, Cell Environment, 26: 1467–1478.
-Elowson, S. and Christersson, L. 1994. Purification of groundwater using biological filters, in P. Aronsson and K. Perttu (eds), Willow Vegetation Filters for Municipal Wastewater and Sludges, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, pp. 219–223.
-Gagne, R.J. 2010. Update for a catalog of the Cecidomyiidae (Diptera) of the world. Available at: http://www.ars.usda.gov/SP2UserFiles/Place/12754100/GagneWorld_Catalog_Cecidomyiidae.pdf.Accessed May 2013.
-Gray, D.H. and Sotir, R.B. 1996. Biotechnical and Soil Bioengineering Slope Stabilization.Wiley, New York, 271p.
-Gregory, A. and Hoover, S.R. 2002. Lace bug on deciduous woody ornamental plants. www.keystonertree.com/cms/files/lacebug_ID144813. Accessed 25 may 2017.
-Haghighian, F., Sadeghi, S. E. and Talebi, M., 2006. Resistance and susceptibility of poplar colones to Melanophila pictain Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province in Iran.Proccedings of the 17thIranianplant protection congress, 2–-5 September. Iran. Tehran, P. 218.
-Haghighian, F., Bab morad, M. and Talebi, M. 2019. Survey of Monesteira unicostata density on different willow species in Chaharmahal and bakhtiari province. National Conference on Knowledge and Technology of Agricultural Sciences, Natural Resources and Environment. Available at: https://www.civilica.com/Paper-MDCONF03-MDCONF03_066.html. Accessed September 2019.
-Handley, R., Ekbom, B. and Agren, J. 2005. Variation in trichome density and resistance against a specialist insect herbivore in natural populations of Arabidopsis thaliana. Ecological Entomology, 30: 284–92.
-Hashemi Khabir, Z., Sadeghi, S.E., Hanifeh, S. and Khodakarimi, A. 2008.Investigation of Monosteira unicostata density on willow species in Azarbaijan-e-gharbi. In: Manzari S (Ed), Proceedings of the 18th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, Vol. 1: Pests p. 295. Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bu-Ali Sina, Hamedan, Iran.
-Hashemi Khabir, Z. 2010. Collecting and identification of willow pests and their natural Enemies fauna in West Azarbaijan province. Research institute of forest and rangelands. Final Report, No: 4945, 86 p (In Persian).
-Hightshoe, G. 1998. Native Trees, Shrubs and Vines for Urban and Rural merica, Wiley, NewYork, 819p.
-Hjalten, J., Niemi, L., Wennstrom, A., Ericson, L., Roininen, H. and Julkunen-Tiitto, R. 2007. Variableresponses of natural enemies to Salix triandraphenotypeswith different secondary chemistry. Oikos, 116: 751–758.
-Isebrands, J.G. and Richardson, J. 2014. Poplars and willows: trees for society and the environment. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. FAO, Rome, 656 p.
-Khial, B. and Sadraei, N. 1984. Poplar Pests investigation in Iran. Research Institute of Forest and Rangelands, Tehran, (In Persian).
-Khodakarimi, A. 2008.Collection, identification and establishment of different Salix species collections in west Azarbaijan province.Research institute of forest and rangelands. Final Report. No: 5756, 19p.
-Kolehmainen, J., Julkunen-Tiitto, R., Roinien, H. and Tahvanainen, J. 1995. Phenolic glucosides as feedingcues for willow-feeding leaf beetles. Entomologia Experimentalis Et Applicata, 74: 235–243.
-Karp, A., Hanley, S.J., Trybush, S.O., Macalpine, W., Pei, M. and Shield, I. 2011. Genetic improvement of willow for bioenergy and biofuelsfree access. Journal of Integrative Plant Biology, 53: 151–165.
-Kuzovkina, Y.A., Knee, M. and Quigley, M.F. 2004. Cadmium and copper uptake and translocation of five Salix L. species. International Journal of Phytoremediation, 6(3): 269–87.
-Rezwani, A. 2001. Key to the aphids (Homoptera: Aphidinea) in Iran. Ministry of Jihad-e-Agriculture, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Tehran, 304 p.
-Safarzadeh, F. and Askarianzadeh, A.R. 2018. Population Fluctuations and IntegratedPestManagement of the Metallic Wood-Boring Beetle, Melanophila picta(Col., Buprestidae) on the Willow Tree in Shahed. Journal of Applied Researches in Plant Protection, 7(1):29–39.
-Skorupska, A. 2012. Food acceptance of spider mite (Schizotetranychus schizopus Zacher) and two‐spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch) in the selection basket willow varieties (Salix viminalis L.). Progress in Plant Protection, 52(2): 456-460.
-Usha Rani, P. and Jyothsna, Y. 2010. Biochemical and enzymatic changes in rice as a mechanism of defense. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 32:695–701.
-Vangronsveld, J., Herzig, R., Weyens, N., Boulet, J., Adriaensen, K. and Ruttens, A. 2009. Phytoremediation of contaminated soils and groundwater: lessons from the field. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 16: 765–794.
-Zahir, Y. AL. and Aldrich, C. 1997. Factors influencing the surrival of P. proxima that attack crack willow (Salix fragilis). Proceeding of the Royal Irish Academy, 97B (3): 219–223.

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 07 July 2019
  • Revise Date: 06 May 2020
  • Accept Date: 26 May 2020

Share

How to cite

Statistics