In the course of a survey carried out in 1997-2002 to investigate injurious pests of conifers in Tehran urban ecosystems, 10 insect species were collected and identified as key pest of conifers. Further to direct collecting of insects, small specimens as aphids and coccids were collected using snider trap and aspirator. Meanwhile, immature stages were kept in laboratory conditions until adult emerged. Results indicated the following species constitute the most serious pests currently affecting conifers. Pine needle scale (Leucaspis pussilla Loew.), Pine aphid (Schizolachnus pineti Fabr.), Pine spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch.) Cedar aphid (Cinara cedri Mimear), Mealy bug (Pseudococcus maritimus Ehrh.), Thuja aphid (Cinara thujafilina Del,G.) Juniper spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch.). Pine shoot moth (Rhyacionia buoliana Schiff.), Spruce needle scale (Nuculaspis pineti Schrank) and Spruce mite (Oligonychus ununguis Jacobi) are absent in Tehran landscapes, while they are pine cause for concern in northern provinces. Careful thought is needed about the phytosanitary measures to prevent their establishment. The research also covers the problems affecting conifers and evaluation of the best prospects for control.
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Mohammadi, M., & Yarmand, H. (2005). Study of the important insect pests of Conifers in Tehran. Iranian Journal of Forest and Range Protection Research, 3(2), 219-223.
MLA
M. Mohammadi; H. Yarmand. "Study of the important insect pests of Conifers in Tehran". Iranian Journal of Forest and Range Protection Research, 3, 2, 2005, 219-223.
HARVARD
Mohammadi, M., Yarmand, H. (2005). 'Study of the important insect pests of Conifers in Tehran', Iranian Journal of Forest and Range Protection Research, 3(2), pp. 219-223.
VANCOUVER
Mohammadi, M., Yarmand, H. Study of the important insect pests of Conifers in Tehran. Iranian Journal of Forest and Range Protection Research, 2005; 3(2): 219-223.
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