بررسی کارایی سه آفت‌کش گیاهی Neem Azal®، Ruy Agro® و Bio1® بر شب‌پره شمشاد Cydalima perspectalis Walker (Lep.: Crambidae)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار پژوهش، بخش تحقیقات حمایت و حفاظت از جنگل ها، موسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

10.22092/ijfrpr.2023.362934.1595

چکیده

یکی از مهمترین آفات گیاهان جنس شمشاد در جهان، شب­پره شمشاد Cydalima perspectalis Walker (Lep.: Crambidae) است که آفتی بسیار تهاجمی و کلیدی روی شمشاد هیرکانی Pojark Buxus hyrcana در جنگل­های شمال ایران است. هدف از این مطالعه، تعیین LC50 سه آفت­کش گیاهی Neem Azal®، Ruy Agro® وBio1® روی لارو سن دوم C. perspectalis در آزمایشگاه و بررسی کارایی آن روی این آفت در جنگل بود. آزمایش­ها به صورت طرح کاملاً تصادفی و در شرایط آزمایشگاهی (̊C 1±27، 10±65 درصد رطوبت ‌نسبی و 16:8 ساعت روشنایی: تاریکی) در 6 تکرار بررسی شد.  در جنگل نیز بررسی­ها روی شاخه­هایی با طول 30 ­سانتی‌متر در 4 جهت اصلی درخت روی لارو C. perspectalis با 3 تکرار در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی انجام شد. ابتدا میزان مرگ و میر پس از 24، 48 و 72 ساعت در غلظت‎های مورد نظر هر ترکیب با شاهد (آب) تجزیه‌وتحلیل گردید. نتایج نشان داد که  LC50 سه ترکیب گیاهی Neem Azal®، Ruy Agro® و Bio1® به ترتیب پس از 24 ساعت برابر 2/1، 19/0 و 15/0ppm و پس از 72 ساعت برابر 51/0، 11/ 0 و 11/0ppm  بود. در جنگل نیز بر اساس غلظت­های آزمایشگاهی و توصیه شده روی برچسب آفت‌کش، غلظت­های 1 و 5/1 در هزار برای ®Neem Azal و 5/0 و 75/0 لیتر بر 1000 نیز برای Ruy Agro® آزمایش شد. نتایج نشان داد که هردو آفت­کش توانایی خوبی در کنترل آفت داشتند و غلظت مؤثر آنها به ترتیب 1000 میلی‌لیتر و 750 میلی‌لیتر بر 1000 لیتر آب در جنگل بود که قادر به کنترل همه سنین لاروی شب‌پره شمشاد بود. به‌طورکلی با توجه به اکوسیستم در هم تنیده در جنگل، استفاده از آفت­کش‎ها مجاز نیست و تنها در پارک‎های جنگلی و مناطقی که منحصراً رویشگاه این گیاه می‎باشد، استفاده از آفت­کش‎های زیستی کم دوام با دامنه تأثیر محدود، مانند Neem Azal® و Ruy Agro®  با غلظت­های یادشده قابل توصیه است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation of the Efficacy of Three Botanical Insecticides, Neem Azal®, Ruy Agro®, and Bio1®, on the boxwood moth Cydalima perspectalis Walker (Lep.: Crambidae)

نویسنده [English]

  • Mina Kouhjani Gorji
Assistant Prof., Medicinal plant and by-product Research Division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

One of the most important pests of boxwood plants in the world is the bux moth, Cydalima perspectalis Walker (Lep.: Crambidae), which is a highly invasive and key pest on the Buxus hyrcana Pojark in the northern forests of Iran. The aim of this study was to determine the LC50 of three botanical insecticides, Neem Azal®, Ruy Agro®, and Bio1®, on the second instar larvae of C. perspectalis in laboratory conditions, as well as to investigate their efficacy on this pest in the forest. The experiments were conducted using a completely randomized design under laboratory conditions (25±1 °C, 65±10% relative humidity, and a 16:8 light-dark photoperiod) with six replicates. In the forest, the study was conducted on branches of 30 cm length in four cardinal directions of the tree, with three replicates in a completely randomized block design. The mortality rate was recorded after 24, 48, and 72 hours at the desired concentrations of each botanical insecticide along with a control (water). The results indicated that the LC50 values for Neem Azal®, Ruy Agro®, and Bio1® after 24 hours were 1.2, 0.90, and 0.50 ppm, respectively, and after 72 hours were 0.51, 0.11, and 0.11 ppm, respectively. In the forest, the recommended laboratory concentrations of 1 and 5.1 ppm for Neem Azal® and 0.50 and 7.5 ppm for Ruy Agro® were tested. Both insecticides exhibited effective control with respective concentrations of 1000 ml and 750 ml per 1000 liters of water in the forest, capable of controlling all larval instars of the box tree moth. Considering the intricate forest ecosystem, the use of insecticides is not recommended. However, in forest parks and areas exclusively inhabited by these plants, the use of less persistent bio-insecticides with limited impact range, such as Neem Azal® and Ruy Agro®, at the specified concentrations, can be recommended.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Keywords: Botanical pesticide
  • Buxus hyrcana
  • Cydalima perspectalis
  • Mortality
  • Pest control

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 27 تیر 1402
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 16 مرداد 1402
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