اولویت‌بندی اهمیت مجموعه‌های غیردولتی در حفاظت از ذخیره‌گاه‌های زیست‌کره با استفاده از TOPSIS (مطالعه موردی: پارک ملی گلستان)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته دکتری، گروه جنگلداری دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم دریایی نور، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

2 استاد، گروه جنگلداری و اکولوژی جنگل دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم دریایی نور دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

10.22092/ijfrpr.2023.359573.1546

چکیده

پارک ملی گلستان، قدیمی‌ترین پارک ملی ثبت شده در کشور ایران و پناهگاهی کم‌نظیر برای حیات‌وحش است که این منطقه در سال ۱۹۵۷ میلادی به‌عنوان یکی از ذخیره گاه های زیست کره در ایران توسط یونسکو به ثبت رسیده است. بخش‌های غیردولتی متفاوتی در حفاظت از این پارک نقش دارند که هدف از مطالعه حاضر اولویت بندی اهمیت نقش آنها در حفاظت از آن می‌باشد. بدین منظور شاخص‌های مشارکتی جلوگیری از تخریب جنگل، آموزش جوامع محلی، اطفاء حریق، مقابله با شکارچیان، جلوگیری از ورود دام، پیشگیری از حریق، پاک‌سازی محیط و نمره عملکرد برای مجموعه‌های غیردولتی سازمان‌های مردم‌نهاد، همیاران طبیعت و جوامع محلی با استفاده از پرسش‌نامه مورد بررسی قرار گرفت و وزن هر یک از شاخص‌ها با استفاده از آنتروپی شانون محاسبه گردید و در نهایت با استفاده از مدل TOPSIS اهمیت هر یک از جوامع تأثیرگذار در مدیریت پارک اولویت‌بندی شد. در این مطالعه اهمیت بالای شاخص‌های مشارکتی جلوگیری از تخریب جنگل، همکاری با اداره محیط‌زیست، مقابله با شکارچیان غیرمجاز و پاک‌سازی محیط در مدیریت پارک به ترتیب با وزن‌های 0.337، 0.187، 0.145 و 0.112 بدست آمد. نتایج همچنین اهمیت بالای سازمان‌های مردم‌نهاد را با وزن 0.87 در مدیریت مشارکتی پارک نشان می هد به‌طوری‌که جوامع محلی و همیاران طبیعت با وزن‌های 0.36 و 0.06 در اولویت‌های بعدی قرار گرفتند. ازآنجاکه پارک با داشتن وسعت بالا و شرایط منطقه‌ای خاص تحت‌تأثیر تنش‌های محیطی و انسانی است باتوجه‌به نتایج بدست آمده از این مطالعه می‌توان گفت سازمان‌های مردم‌نهاد و جوامع محلی دارای ظرفیت مناسبی در شاخص‌های مدیریت پارک هستند

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Prioritizing the Importance of Non-Governmental Collections in the Protection of Biosphere Reserves Using TOPSIS (Case Study: Golestan National Park)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hassan Faramarzi 1
  • Seyed Mohsen Hosseini 2
1 Ph.D graduated, Department of Forestry, Noor Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
2 Prof., Department of Forestry and Forest Ecology, Noor Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Golestan National Park is the oldest registered national park in Iran and a unique sanctuary for wildlife. This area was registered as one of Iran's Biosphere Reserves by UNESCO in 1957. Different non-governmental sectors play a role in the protection of this park, and the purpose of this study is to prioritize the importance of their role in its protection. For this purpose, participatory indicators of preventing forest destruction, educating local communities, extinguishing fire, dealing with predators, preventing the entry of livestock, preventing fire, cleaning the environment and performance scores for non-governmental groups, non-governmental organizations, nature partners and local communities with The use of the questionnaire was investigated, and the weight of each index was calculated using Shannon's entropy, and finally, the importance of each influential community in park management was prioritized using the TOPSIS model. In this study, the high importance of participatory indicators of forest destruction prevention, cooperation with environmental department, dealing with illegal hunters and environmental cleaning in park management were obtained with weights of 0.337, 0.187, 0.145 and 0.112, respectively. The results also show the high importance of non-governmental organizations with a weight of 0.87 in the participatory management of the park, so that local communities and nature partners were placed in the next priorities with weights of 0.36 and 0.06. Since the park, with its large area and special regional conditions, is affected by environmental and human tensions, according to the results obtained from this study, it can be said that non-governmental organizations and communities

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Golestan National Park
  • Local Communities
  • Participatory Management
  • Nature Partners
  • Non-Governmental Organizations

مراجع

-Abedi Sarvstani, A., 2014. Participation of the Rural Islamic Council in the protection of natural resources: a study in protected geographical areas of Fars Province. Geographical Research, 3(1): 17-36 (In Persian).
-Alborzimanesh, M., Imani harsini, J., Danehkar, A., Robati, M. and Alambaigi, A., 2021. An analytical survey of the adaptation of biosphere reserve zoning with the zoning of protected areas in Iran. Sustainability, Development and Environment, 2(3): 1-19 (In Persian).
-Ariti, A.T., van Vliet, J. and Verburg, P.H., 2018. What restrains Ethiopian NGOs to participate in the development of policies for natural resource management?. Environmental Science and Policy, 89: 292-299.‏
-Authelet, M., Subervie, J., Meyfroidt, P., Asquith, N. and Ezzine-de-Blas, D., 2021. Economic, pro-social and pro-environmental factors influencing participation in an incentive-based conservation program in Bolivia. World Development, 145: 105487.‏
-Banks, N., Hulme, D. and Edwards, M., 2015. NGOs, states, and donors revisited: Still too close for comfort?. World Development, 66: 707-718.‏
-Barnes, C. and van Laerhoven, F., 2015. Making it last? Analysing the role of NGO interventions in the development of institutions for durable collective action in Indian community forestry. Environmental Science and Policy, 53: 192-205.
-Brass, J.N., 2012. Blurring boundaries: The integration of NGOs into governance in Kenya. Governance, 25(2): 209-235.‏
-Cook, N.J., Wright, G.D. and Andersson, K.P., 2017. Local politics of forest governance: Why NGO support can reduce local government responsiveness. World Development, 92: 203-214.
-de Graaff, J., Aklilu, A., Ouessar, M., Asins-Velis, S. and Kessler, A., 2013. The development of soil and water conservation policies and practices in five selected countries from 1960 to 2010. Land Use Policy, 32: 165-174.‏
-Faramarzi, H., Hosseini, S.M., Pourghasemi, H.R. and Farnaghi, M., 2021. Forest fire spatial modelling using ordered weighted averaging multi-criteria evaluation. Journal of Forest Science, 67(2): 87-100.‏‏
-Goulding, M.,1990. negotiating the demobilization of the Contras with Comandante Franklyn, Nicaragua. 
-Gravavandi, S., Papzan, A. and Afsharzadeh, N., 2011. Modeling sustainable environmental development using basic theory (Case study: Shrovein village of Javanroud city). Housing and environment of village, 136:
-Gugerty, M.K., 2008. The effectiveness of NGO self‐regulation: theory and evidence from Africa. Public Administration and Development: The International Journal of Management Research and Practice, 28(2): 105-118.‏ ‏
-Hardy, S.D., 2022. Power to the people: Collaborative watershed management in the Cuyahoga River Area of Concern (AOC). Environmental Science and Policy, 129: 79-86.‏ ‏
-Hijazi, Y. and Arabi, F., 2008. Effective factors in attracting the participation of non-governmental organizations in environmental protection. Environmental Science, 34(47): 99-106 (In Persian).
-Le Blanc, B. and Ermine, J.L., 2007. A Shannon's theory of knowledge. In Creating collaborative advantage through knowledge and innovation. pp. 51-67.‏
-Lee, J. and Fraser, T., 2019. How do natural hazards affect participation in voluntary association? The social impacts of disasters in Japanese society. International journal of disaster risk reduction, 34: 108-115.
-Lund, S., 2002. Community participation in natural resource management projects: A rational institutional choice? Some evidence from sand dune fixation in Mauritania. The Journal of Transdisciplinary Environmental Studies, 1(2): 1-17.
-Majnounian, H., 1995. Biosphere Reserves. Environmental Organization Publications, 342 p (In Persian).
-Mehtabi Oghani, M., Najafi, A. and Younesi, H., 2012. Comparison of two methods of hierarchical analysis process and TOPSIS in locating urban waste landfill (case study: selection of urban waste landfill in Karaj). Health and Environment, 6(3): 341-352 (In Persian).
-Moon, K.H. and Park, D.K., 2004. The role and activities of NGOs in reforestation in the northeast Asian region. Forest Ecology and Management, 201(1): 75-81.‏
-Rafiei-Sardooi, E., Azareh, A., Choubin, B., Mosavi, A.H. and Clague, J.J., 2021. Evaluating urban flood risk using hybrid method of TOPSIS and machine learning. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 66: 102614.‏
-Saeed Abadi, Z., Hashemi, Sh. and Soltanifar, M., 2017. Environmentalists; Multiple Concepts in the Humanities. Strategic Quarterly, 83: 
-Sari, F., 2021. Forest fire susceptibility mapping via multi-criteria decision analysis techniques for Mugla, Turkey: A comparative analysis of VIKOR and TOPSIS. Forest Ecology and Management, 80: 118644.‏
-Shatri, P., Salehi, S., Sharifi, M. and Mohseni, R.A., 2021. A comprehensive cognitive study of motivations for participation in environmental non-governmental organizations in Tehran: presenting a theoretical background, Environmental Sciences, 19(1): 69-88 (In Persian).
-Yang, W., Xu, K., Lian, J., Ma, C. and Bin, L., 2018. Integrated flood vulnerability assessment approach based on TOPSIS and Shannon entropy methods. Ecological Indicators, 89: 269-280.‏

فایل ها

سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 09 مرداد 1401
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 03 آذر 1401
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 06 آذر 1401

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار