Fumigant toxicity of two eucalyptus species on Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) as pure essential oil and nano-capsulated

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Ph.D. student, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran

2 Prof. Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran

3 Assistant Prof., Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran

4 Associate Prof., Research institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran

5 Prof., Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran

Abstract

Background and objectives: The red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum (Herbst)) (Tenebrionidae) is one of the main pests of stored products, especially cereal crops, all over the world. In recent years, to reduce the use of chemical pesticides, plant essential oils have gained attention. But despite their good potential, essential oils are unstable, and their toxicity decreases in a short time after use. Nanocapsule formulations can improve the efficiency of plant essential oils on stored product pests by increasing their toxicity and durability. This study was carried out with the aim of preparing nanocapsule formulations of essential oils of Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. and Eucalyptus globulus Labill. and comparing their fumigant toxicity effects and non-formulated essential oils on T. castaneum adults.
Methodology: Eucalyptus leaves were collected from the Zaghmarz Eucalyptus research station in the south of Behshahr city, Mazandran Province, in July 2018. The collected dried leaves of Eucalyptus were hydrodistilled using a Clevenger-type apparatus. Identification of the constituents of essential oils was performed using GC-MS. Sodium alginate nanocapsules were prepared using basic hydrophilic surfactants. The survey of the surface and wall morphology of nanocapsules was conducted using a transmission electron microscope. The particle size distribution of nanocapsules was also determined. Fumigant toxicity testing was performed separately for each essential oil and nano-capsulated essential oil in four concentrations and at 24, 48, and 72 hours after applying the treatments, along with the control at 25°C and a relative humidity of 65% in darkness. PoloPlus software was used to estimate the LC10, LC25, LC50, and LC95.
Results: According to the results, the number of compounds in the essential oils of E. globulus was higher. The most important compounds of the essential oils of the two Eucalyptus species were terpenes, and 1,8-cineole, limonene, and pinene-α were the most important terpenes in the essential oils of E. globulus and E. camaldulensis, respectively. The results obtained from the transmission electron microscope images showed that nanocapsules containing Eucalyptus essential oil have nanoscale dimensions. The average particle size distribution for E. globulus and E. camaldulensis essential oil nanocapsules was determined to be about 150 and 100 nm, respectively. The essential oil of E. globulus was more toxic than the essential oil of E. camaldulensis. The values of LC50 at 24, 48, and 72 hours after treatment for essential oil nanocapsules of E. globulus and E. camaldulensis were 5.9, 4.63, 3.8, and 9.5, 8.67, 6.7, respectively, and LC50 for raw essential oils of E. globulus and E. camaldulensis were 10.93, 9.63, 5.7, and 15.09, 12.86, 8.2 ml per liter of air, respectively. Based on the results, the nanocapsule formulation of the essential oils of both species, compared to the raw essential oil, showed a decrease in LC50, and the durability of the encapsulated essential oil also increased.
Conclusion: Based on our results, nanoencapsulation of Eucalyptus essential oil increased the fumigant toxicity of the essential oils by enhancing toxicity and the controlled release of effective compounds in controlling this pest. Therefore, this nanocapsule formulation is recommended for further toxicity tests and eventually its use in storage.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

  • Abbott, W.S., 1925. A method for computing the effectiveness of an insecticide. Journal of Economic Entomology, 18: 265-267.
  • Adams, R.P., Identification of essential oil compounds by gas chromatography/mass spectrometery. (4th Ed.). Allured Publishing Corporation, Carol Stream, IL, USA. 456 p.
  • Ahmadi, Z., Saber, M., Akbari, A. and Mahdavinia, G.R., 2018. Encapsulation of Satureja hortensis (Lamiaceae) in chitosan/TPP nanoparticles with enhanced acaricide activity against Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae). Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 161: 111-119.
  • Ahsaei, S.M., Rodríguez-Rojo, S., Salgado, M., Cocero, M.J., Talebi-Jahromi, K. and Amoabediny, G., 2020. Insecticidal activity of spray dried microencapsulated essential oils of Rosmarinus officinalis and Zataria multiflora against Tribolium confusum. Crop Protection, 128: 104996.
  • Alzogaray, R.A., Lucia, A., Zerba, E.N. and Masuh, H.M., 2011. Insecticidal activity of essential oils from eleven Eucalyptus and two hybrids: lethal and sublethal effects of their major components on Blattella germanica. Journal of Economic Entomology, 104(2:( 595-600.
  • Aref, S.P. and Valizadegan, O., 2015. Fumigant toxicity and repellent effect of three Iranian Eucalyptus species against the lesser grain beetle, Rhyzopertha dominica (F.)(Col.: Bostrichidae). Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies, 3(2): 198-202.
  • Aref, S.P., Valizadegan, O. and Farashiani, M.E., 2016. The insecticidal effect of essential oil of Eucalyptus floribundi against two major stored product insect pests; Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) and Oryzaephilus surinamensis (L.). Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants, 19(4): 820-831.
  • Artusio, F., Casà, D., Granetto, M., Tosco, T. and Pisano, R., 2021. Alginate nanohydrogels as a biocompatible platform for the controlled release of a hydrophilic herbicide. Processes, 9(9): p. 1641.
  • Assareh, M., and Sardabi, H., 2007. Eucalyptus. Forest and rangeland research institute of Iran press, Tehran, 672 p. (In Persian).
  • Barbosa, L.C.A., Filomeno, C.A. and Teixeira, R.R., 2016. Chemical variability and biological activities of Eucalyptus essential oils. Molecules, 21(12): 1671.
  • Batish, D.R., Singh, H.P., Kohli, R.K. and Kaur, S., 2008. Eucalyptus essential oil as a natural pesticide. Forest ecology and Management, 256 (12): 2166-2174.
  • Bosquet, Y., 1990. Beetles associated with stored products in Canada: an identification guide. Publication-Agriculture Canada (English ed.), (1837). 214p.
  • Chaudhari, A.K., Singh, V.K., Kedia, A., Das, S. and Dubey, N.K., 2021. Essential oils and their bioactive compounds as eco-friendly novel green pesticides for management of storage insect pests: prospects and retrospects. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 28(15): 18918-18940.
  • Choukaife, H., Doolaanea, A.A. and Alfatama, M., 2020. Alginate nanoformulation: influence of process and selected variables. Pharmaceuticals, 13(11): 335-336.
  • Danaye‑Tous, A.H., Jafari, S., Heidary‑Alizadeh, B. and Farazmand, H., 2020. Evaluation of field efficiency of the nanocapsule sex pheromone dispensers of carob moth Ectomyelois ceratoniae (Lep.: Pyralidae). Plant Pest Research, 10(3): 49-60.
  • Danaye‑Tous, A.H., Jafari, S., Heidary‑Alizadeh, B. and Farazmand, H., 2022. Efficacy of nanocapsules loaded with Ectomyelois ceratoniae (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) sex pheromone as evaluated in wind tunnel and feld trapping experiments. Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection, 129: 853-860.
  • Davies, N.W., 1990. Gas chromatographic retention indices of monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes on methyl silicon and Carbowax 20M phases. Journal of Chromatography: 503: 1-24.
  • De Oliveira, J.L., Campos, E.V.R., Bakshi, M., Abhilash, P.C. and Fraceto, L.F., 2014. Application of nanotechnology for the encapsulation of botanical insecticides for sustainable agriculture: prospects and promises. Biotechnology Advances, 32(8): 1550-1561.
  • Ebadollahi, A., Jalali Sendi, J., Setzer, W.N. and Changbunjong, T., 2022. Encapsulation of Eucalyptus largiflorens essential oil by mesoporous silicates for effective control of the cowpea weevil, Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Molecules, 27(11): 3531.
  • Farashiani, M.E, Awang, R.M., Assareh, M.H., Omar, D. and Rahmani, M., 2016. Fumigant toxicity of 53 Iranian Eucalyptus essential oils against stored product insect, Sitophilus oryzae. Iranian Journal of Forest and Range Protection Research, 13(2): 135-144 (In Persian).
  • Finney, D.J., 1971. Probit analysis. 3rd ed. Cambridge University Press, London,. 333 p.
  • Heidary, M., Jafari, S., Karimzadeh, J., Negahban, M. and Shakarami, J., 2020. The effects of pure and nanocapsulated formulations of Thymus daenensis (Lamiaceae) essential oil on life table parameters of cabbage aphid (Brevicoryne brassicae L.) (Hem.: Aphididae). Plant Pest Research 10(2): 15-32 (In Persian).
  • Heidary, M., Karimzadeh, J., Jafari, S., Negahban, M. and Shakarami, J., 2021. Aphicidal activity of urea–formaldehyde nanocapsules loaded with the Thymus daenensis Celak essential oil on Brevicoryne brassicaeInternational Journal of Tropical Insect Science, 42(2): 1285-1296.
  • Houghton, P.J., Ren, Y. and Howes, M.J., 2006. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors from plants and fungi. Natural Product Reports, 23(2): 181-199.
  • Isman, M.B., 2020. Botanical insecticides in the twenty-first century fulfilling their promise. Annual Review of Entomology, 65: 233-249.
  • Jemaa, J. M.B., Haouel, S. and Khouja, M.L., 2013. Efficacy of Eucalyptus essential oils fumigant control against Ectomyelois ceratoniae (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) under various space occupation conditions. Journal of Stored Products Research, 53: 67-71.
  • Kambouzia, J., Negahban, M. and Moharramipour, S., 2009. Fumigant toxicity of Eucalyptus leucoxylon against stored product insects. American-Eurasian Journal of Sustainable Agriculture, 3(2): 229-233.
  • Khademi, N., Moharramipour, S. and Negahban, M., 2014. Insecticidal properties of essential oils of Carum copitum and Cuminum cyminum and their formulations on Sitophilus oryzae and Tribolium castaneum. M.Sc. thesis, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, 108 p (In Persian).
  • Khanahmadi, M., Pakravan, P., Hemati, A., Azandaryani, M.N. and Ghamari, E., 2017. Fumigant toxicity of Artemisia haussknechtii essential oil and its nano-encapsulated form pharmaceuticals. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies, 5(2): 1776-1783.
  • Khoshraftar, Z., Safekordi, A.A., Shamel, A. and Zaefizadeh, M., 2019. Synthesis of natural nanopesticides with the origin of Eucalyptus globulus extract for pest control. Green Chemistry Letters and Reviews, 12(3): 286-298.
  • Moretti, M. D., Sanna-Passino, G., Demontis, S. and Bazzoni, E., 2002. Essential oil formulations useful as a new tool for insect pest control. American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists, 3(2): 64-74.
  • Negahban, M., Moharramipour, S. and Sarbolouki, M.N., 2011. Nanocapsulation of Artemisia sieberi oil as a new formulation against Callosobruchus maculatus. Integrated Protection Stored Prod uctIOBC/WPRS Bull, 69: 249.
  • Negahban, M., Moharramipour, S., Zandi, M., Hashemi, S.A. and Ziayee, F., 2012a. Nano-insecticidal activity of essential oil from Cuminum cyminum on Tribolium castaneum. In: Navarro, S., Banks, H. J., Jayas, D. S., Bell, C. H., Noyes, R. T., Ferizli, A. G., Emekci, M., Isikber, A. A. and Alagu-sunda-ram, K. [Eds.] Proceedings of the 9th. International Conference on Controlled Atmosphere and Fumigation in Stored Products, Antalya, Turkey. 15 -19 October 2012, ARBER Professional Congress Services, Turkey, pp: 63-68.
  • Negahban, M., Moharramipour, S., Zandi, M. and Hashemi, S.A., 2012b. Fumigant properties of nano-encapsulated essential oil from Artemisia sieberi on Tribolium castaneum. Controlled Atomesphere and Fumigation in Stored Product, 101-105.
  • Negahban, M., Moharramipour, S., Zandi, M. and Hashemi, S.A., 2013. Efficiency of nanoencapsulated essential oil of Artemisia sieberi Besser on nutritional indices of Plutella xylostella. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 29(3): 692-708.
  • Rajendran, S. and Sriranjini, V., 2008. Plant products as fumigants for stored-product insect control. Journal of Stored Products Research, 44(2): 126-135.
  • Riyaz, M., Mathew, P., Zuber, S.M. and Rather, G.A., 2022. Botanical pesticides for an eco-friendly and sustainable agriculture: new challenges and prospects. In sustainable agriculture (pp. 69-96). Springer, Cham
  • Singh, P., Pandey, A.K. and Tripathi, N.N., 2012. Essential oils: a renewable source for the management of stored product insects-a review. Agricultural Reviews, 33(3): 226-236.
  • Sundar, B., Rashmi, V., Duraimurugan, P., Matcha, N. and Ramesh, K., 2021. Biology of red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum (Hbst.) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) on stored sesame. Biological Forum–An International Journal, 13(2): 516-521.
  • Sushil, A., Kamla, M., Nisha, K., Karmal, M. and Sandeep, A., 2021. Nano-enabled pesticides in agriculture: budding opportunities and challenges. Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, 21(6): 3337-3350.
  • Yang, Y.C., Choi, H.Y., Choi, W.S., Clark, J.M. and Ahn, Y.J., 2004. Ovicidal and adulticidal activity of Eucalyptus globulus leaf oil terpenoids against Pediculus humanus capitis (Anoplura: Pediculidae). Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 52(9): 2507-2511.

Yang, F.L., Li, X.G., Zhu, F. and Lei, C.L., 2009. Structural characterization of nanoparticles loaded with garlic essential oil and their insecticidal activity against Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 57(21): 10156-10162.

Iranian Journal of Forest and Range Protection Research
Volume 22, Issue 1 - Serial Number 43
September 2024
Pages 47-62

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 25 June 2023
  • Revise Date: 23 January 2024
  • Accept Date: 27 January 2024

Share

How to cite

Statistics