نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان کهگیلویه و بویراحمد، یاسوج، ص. پ.: 351
2 مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، تهران، ص. پ.: 116-13185
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Prangos ferulaceae (L.) Lindl. is a range plant of the family Umbelliferae used as an animal fodder. Due to importance of this plant because of its appropriate nutritive materials to feed herds and also its importance as a medicinal plant, identification of its damaging factors and finding out effective control methods are of great necessity. One of the important damaging agents on this plant is the seed beetle, Pachymerus acaciae (Col.: Bruchidae) that causes a huge damage on seeds of P. ferulacea. During the years 2002-2005, biology of the pest was studied in natural conditions of Kohgilouyeh and Boyer-Ahmad province rangelands and also in laboratory. For this aim, 10 rangeland sites, each 10 h area were selected and visited biweekly during the growth period of P. ferulacea. In each site, 1 quarter meter plots were determined in different directions and infestation rate of the pest was studied by taking random samples within the plots. Samples were also taken from different life stages of the pest and by rearing them in laboratory, life cycle of the pest was also studied under laboratory conditions. P. acaciae has only one generation a year. The pest overwinters as pupae in remains of the host plant and on or inside the seeds of P. ferulacea in field or in seed storages. Activity of the adults begins in early May. The female beetles lay eggs solitarily and dispersedly on fruits and sometimes on flowering stems. Larvae are active singly inside the stem or seeds and destroy all seed components. After completing their feeding, the larvae move downward and pupate in the stem, inside P. ferulacea seeds on the ground or in the soil near the roots. Infestation rate of the beetles on seeds was different according to the region height. The lowest infestation rate was 10% in the areas 2400 m above see level in Kakan region, while the highest rate was 89% recorded in Dareh-Garm region with the height of 2250 m. A wasp species with parasitic activity was collected on pupae of P. acaciae. Parasitism rate of the parasitoid wasp in different regions of the province was recorded as 13-48% and 17-44% in the years 2004 and 2005 respectively.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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